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Summary on chapter 9 from CRCB Using Preview,Study-Read,and Review(PSR)Strategies.
The PSR technique requires that you question yourself before,during and after you read.It encourages you to participate in a reader-author conversation rather than to read passively.In this conversation,you access what the author says and decide if it makes sense to you.you also add what you know to the conversation by recalling related information.It helps to understand and remember the textmaterial.
The PSR technique also requires to respond to readings by writing in your journal.Commenting in writing hlps to digest and understand an author's ideas and articulate your own,By identifying exactly where you become confused in a reading ,you can return to that point and reread the relevant section of text.It hlps to understand the material on your own or alert you to the fact that you need to ask a classmate or instructor for help.
Tuesday, May 13, 2008
CRBC:chapter7
CHAPTER SUMMARY:
Evaluations make judgments about worth on the basis of standards that may be conscious or unconscious. It can help us react quickly to situationd in which our survival is at stake . They are are not facts.Premature evaluations are hasty evaluations that contain unexamined or faulty support.Feelings and expectations affect both our perceptions and our evaluations.All of us need to learn how to make fair and sound evaluations because they affect our livers constantly.Connotative words convey evaluations that can be used to sway our opinions.Evaluations are used in advertising and journalism to persuade us, sometimes hynotically ,to make positive associations with products and purchase them.Critical thinking requires that we stay alert to manipulative advertising techniques that are most effective when we can be enticed to enter into a trance state.Propaganda used manys sophisticated manipulative techniques of persuasion
Evaluations make judgments about worth on the basis of standards that may be conscious or unconscious. It can help us react quickly to situationd in which our survival is at stake . They are are not facts.Premature evaluations are hasty evaluations that contain unexamined or faulty support.Feelings and expectations affect both our perceptions and our evaluations.All of us need to learn how to make fair and sound evaluations because they affect our livers constantly.Connotative words convey evaluations that can be used to sway our opinions.Evaluations are used in advertising and journalism to persuade us, sometimes hynotically ,to make positive associations with products and purchase them.Critical thinking requires that we stay alert to manipulative advertising techniques that are most effective when we can be enticed to enter into a trance state.Propaganda used manys sophisticated manipulative techniques of persuasion
CRCB: chapter8
Authors use different methods of organization in order to present information in a logical format that suits the subject matter and goals of their books. For example: the listing method, lists a series of ideas or items, alphabetically, by category. Analysis method, defines a concept to clarity meaning- may use examples and analogies. Another method is the cause/effect, method author use to show why something happened and the effects that occurred as result. The comparison/contrast method, that focuses on similarities and differences. The definition/example method that breaks apart a concept-presents basic elements. The Sequence method, that shows steps or ideas the chronological order of events. Another useful way to identify an author’s method of organization is to look for the organizational word clues (OWCs) that indicate which patterns he or she is using.Knowing the different patterns, or methods, of organization helps you make sense of what you are reading and remember the content more accurately.
Monday, May 12, 2008
CRCB:chapter1
Summary Chapter 1- Critical Reading for College and BeyondChapter 1 it's about Reading in College.Reading is an active process that depends on both an author’s ability to convey meaning using words and ability to create meaning from them. You need to constantly connect what you already know about the information to the words the author has written.
Learning Journals is a technique that helps you to analyze reading strategies and assess your learning. Using a learning journal helps you remember 80-90% of what you read. It also helps you to
Concentration is a skill that can be learned with patience and perseverance. Like any reading strategy, concentration takes practice before it will kick in automatically every time you open a textbook.
Learning Styles, most of what we learn comes from what we hear (auditory learning) in lectures or on audiotapes; see visual learning) through reading or watching people, videotapes, or television; or touch and do (kinesthetic learning) by practicing techniques, drawing maps, creating outlines, or making models Concentration Blocks, to recognize what distracts you when you are reading is an important way to improve your concentration.
There are two kinds of distracters: Internal (comes from inside you) and external (comes from your environment).
Concentration Techniques, to improve your concentration there are five techniques:
1. Checkmark Monitor System; helps you monitor how many times you lose your concentration as you read.
2. Creating a Study Environment
3. Creating a Positive mental Attitude
4. Using your Journal as a Worry Pad or
5. Writing a Letter is especially helpful if you are distracted by internal or external distracters.
Exercise
1a) Concentration Survey
1. I know that concentration is a skill that can be learned. yes
2. I have a study area, complete with study supplies, and this area is used only for studying. yes
3. I try to concentrate as I read, but my mind usually drifts to other things, such as bills I have to pay or people I have to call. yes
4. If I get angry, I am unable to concentrate on my reading. yes
5. I know how to minimize all distractions.yes
6. I cannot read unless my house, or study environment, is immaculate. no
7. I have a system to let others know when I'm reading and that I do not want to be disturbed.no
8. I lose concentration easily when I'm bored with what I'm reading. yes
Learning Journals is a technique that helps you to analyze reading strategies and assess your learning. Using a learning journal helps you remember 80-90% of what you read. It also helps you to
Concentration is a skill that can be learned with patience and perseverance. Like any reading strategy, concentration takes practice before it will kick in automatically every time you open a textbook.
Learning Styles, most of what we learn comes from what we hear (auditory learning) in lectures or on audiotapes; see visual learning) through reading or watching people, videotapes, or television; or touch and do (kinesthetic learning) by practicing techniques, drawing maps, creating outlines, or making models Concentration Blocks, to recognize what distracts you when you are reading is an important way to improve your concentration.
There are two kinds of distracters: Internal (comes from inside you) and external (comes from your environment).
Concentration Techniques, to improve your concentration there are five techniques:
1. Checkmark Monitor System; helps you monitor how many times you lose your concentration as you read.
2. Creating a Study Environment
3. Creating a Positive mental Attitude
4. Using your Journal as a Worry Pad or
5. Writing a Letter is especially helpful if you are distracted by internal or external distracters.
Exercise
1a) Concentration Survey
1. I know that concentration is a skill that can be learned. yes
2. I have a study area, complete with study supplies, and this area is used only for studying. yes
3. I try to concentrate as I read, but my mind usually drifts to other things, such as bills I have to pay or people I have to call. yes
4. If I get angry, I am unable to concentrate on my reading. yes
5. I know how to minimize all distractions.yes
6. I cannot read unless my house, or study environment, is immaculate. no
7. I have a system to let others know when I'm reading and that I do not want to be disturbed.no
8. I lose concentration easily when I'm bored with what I'm reading. yes
CRCB:chapter 2
Chapter 2 is about Developing Your College Vocabulary by learning new vocabulary you are building important reading strategies. Also by increasing your vocabulary, you increase your understanding of textbook information. In addition you will increase your ability to speak and write well- to communicate effectively.Developing Your Vocabulary; reading and listening comprehension will improve more words. You can use these important strategies to help you figure out the meaning of unfamiliar words: context clues and word part analysis, writing in your textbook, creating word maps, understanding denotation and connotation, journal writing, and the card review system (CRS). One of the best way of making word a part of your vocabulary is the use of it in your daily life.
Exercise 2a)
1. The child was able to assuage his irate father with a smile and a small kiss on this cheek. A grin slowly replaced the father's angry frown. Ans b. Soothe
2. She was so overcome with joy by the birth of her baby that she was able to say nothing other than that the whole experience was simply ineffable.
Ans: c. Incapable of being expressed in words
3. Most of us eventually reach our goals, but life's path to success is often a circuitous one. Ans: a. Straight and certain
4. The preacher took a pedagogic approach with his sermon, hoping that those attending would learn something meaningful from it. Ans: a. Instructional
5. Although teaching is not a lucrative profession, I know that I wouldn't want to do anything else. Helping others learn is far more important to me than money. Answer: c. well paying
6. Buying a lottery ticket is a very capricious way to plan for your future. The chances of winning are 1 in 10,000,000. Answer: d. Unpredictable
Exercise 2b
Alcoholism exacts a horrible toll on the drinker and on the drinker family, but the damage doesn't stop there. Drunk driving, workplace losses, and overburdened health care systems are only some of the larger-scale loss issues related to alcohol abuse. The search of effective methods of interventions has never been more intense.Ans: b. Forces.
2. The natural circadian rhythm of most animals, including humans, is 25 to 26 hours, but our internal clocks easily adapt to the 24-hours rhythms (light, sounds, warmth) of the turning earth. When we are isolated from environmental cues, our sleep/wake cycles continue to be rather constant but slightly longer than 24 hours. Ans: b. Seasonal cycles.
3. When the Commissioner of Indian Affairs took office in 1933, he vowed to defend Indian rights. The conciliatory attitudes of the Commissioner and the Indian Office, regarding Indian rights, conformed to legal precedents established by state and federal courts. Ans b. Agreeable, accommodating
4. Our own daily rhythms can become desynchronized when we take a cross-country or transoceanic flight. If you fly from Los Angeles to New York and then go to bed at 11 P.M. Eastern Standard Time, you may have trouble falling asleep because your body is still on West Coast time. Ans: broken or full apart
5. If my argument so far has been sound, neither our distance from a preventable evil nor the number of other people who, in respect to that evil, are in the same situation as we are, lessens our obligation to mitigate or prevent that evil. I shall therefore take as established the principle I asserted earlier. As I have already said, I need to assert it only in its qualified form: if it is in our power to prevent something very bad from happening, without thereby sacrificing anything else morally significant, we ought, morally, to do it. Ans: seize; stop
Exercise 2a)
1. The child was able to assuage his irate father with a smile and a small kiss on this cheek. A grin slowly replaced the father's angry frown. Ans b. Soothe
2. She was so overcome with joy by the birth of her baby that she was able to say nothing other than that the whole experience was simply ineffable.
Ans: c. Incapable of being expressed in words
3. Most of us eventually reach our goals, but life's path to success is often a circuitous one. Ans: a. Straight and certain
4. The preacher took a pedagogic approach with his sermon, hoping that those attending would learn something meaningful from it. Ans: a. Instructional
5. Although teaching is not a lucrative profession, I know that I wouldn't want to do anything else. Helping others learn is far more important to me than money. Answer: c. well paying
6. Buying a lottery ticket is a very capricious way to plan for your future. The chances of winning are 1 in 10,000,000. Answer: d. Unpredictable
Exercise 2b
Alcoholism exacts a horrible toll on the drinker and on the drinker family, but the damage doesn't stop there. Drunk driving, workplace losses, and overburdened health care systems are only some of the larger-scale loss issues related to alcohol abuse. The search of effective methods of interventions has never been more intense.Ans: b. Forces.
2. The natural circadian rhythm of most animals, including humans, is 25 to 26 hours, but our internal clocks easily adapt to the 24-hours rhythms (light, sounds, warmth) of the turning earth. When we are isolated from environmental cues, our sleep/wake cycles continue to be rather constant but slightly longer than 24 hours. Ans: b. Seasonal cycles.
3. When the Commissioner of Indian Affairs took office in 1933, he vowed to defend Indian rights. The conciliatory attitudes of the Commissioner and the Indian Office, regarding Indian rights, conformed to legal precedents established by state and federal courts. Ans b. Agreeable, accommodating
4. Our own daily rhythms can become desynchronized when we take a cross-country or transoceanic flight. If you fly from Los Angeles to New York and then go to bed at 11 P.M. Eastern Standard Time, you may have trouble falling asleep because your body is still on West Coast time. Ans: broken or full apart
5. If my argument so far has been sound, neither our distance from a preventable evil nor the number of other people who, in respect to that evil, are in the same situation as we are, lessens our obligation to mitigate or prevent that evil. I shall therefore take as established the principle I asserted earlier. As I have already said, I need to assert it only in its qualified form: if it is in our power to prevent something very bad from happening, without thereby sacrificing anything else morally significant, we ought, morally, to do it. Ans: seize; stop
CRCB:chapter6
SummaryDetails are specific pieces of information that serve as the "arms and legs"of the main idea.They are usually presented as facts,opinions,examples,illustrations,explanations or definitions and are frequently discovered by asking questions.In order to understand a paragraph ,you need to be able to pinpoint the topic and locate the main idea.It is the "key concept" being expressed.It supports the main idea by telling how,what,when,where,why,how much,or how many.Location the topic,main idea and supporting details helps you understand the points ,the writer is attempting to express.Identifying the relationship between these will increase your comprehension
TFY : Chapter12
CHAPTER SUMMARY
HOW DO I REASON FROM PREMISES?
Deductive reasoning is the process of starting with one or more statements called premises and investigating what conclusions necessarily follow from these premises.Deduction is the subject of formal logic, whose main concern is with creating forms that demonstrate reasoning.Logic has its own technical vocabulary.
HOW DO I REASON FROM PREMISES?
Deductive reasoning is the process of starting with one or more statements called premises and investigating what conclusions necessarily follow from these premises.Deduction is the subject of formal logic, whose main concern is with creating forms that demonstrate reasoning.Logic has its own technical vocabulary.
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